Emma Olivia*
Cholesterol, often vilified in popular discourse due to its association with heart disease, is a vital molecule for human health. It plays crucial roles in cell membrane structure, hormone synthesis, and bile acid production. However, maintaining cholesterol homeostasis is essential, as dysregulated levels can lead to atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases. Understanding the dynamic processes of cholesterol metabolism provides insights into cellular regulation and potential therapeutic targets for managing cholesterol-related disorders. Cholesterol metabolism is a complex and tightly regulated process essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and overall health. Dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism is associated with a myriad of diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic syndromes. This review aims to elucidate the intricate dynamics of cholesterol metabolism, encompassing its synthesis, uptake, storage, and efflux pathways. We delve into the molecular mechanisms governing cholesterol transport within cells, intercellular cholesterol trafficking, and the role of key regulatory proteins such as the sterol regulatory element-binding proteins and liver X receptors.
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