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Nuclear medicine is a specialized branch of medical imaging that utilizes the principles of nuclear physics to study the structure and function of organs and tissues within the body. Unlike traditional imaging methods that focus on anatomy, nuclear medicine provides unique insights into physiological processes at the molecular and cellular levels. This is achieved by introducing small amounts of radioactive substances, known as radiopharmaceuticals or tracers, into the body. Radioactive isotopes undergo spontaneous decay, emitting radiation in the form of alpha or beta particles or gamma rays. In nuclear medicine, gamma-emitting isotopes are commonly used. These are compounds containing a radioactive isotope combined with a biologically active molecule. These tracers are designed to mimic the body's natural compounds, allowing them to be taken up by specific tissues or organs.
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