Shalini Pal
Biomarkers are regarded highly for their ability to discriminate between genotypes in fields of genetic science. The first molecules to differentiate between various plant types were secondary metabolites such as anthocyanin, phenolic etc. Nevertheless, their wide use was restricted by several factors including uncertainty and limited availability. For the short period prior to the development of more effective DNA markers, enzyme markers (allozymes and isozymes) gained significance but with the development of the powerful DNA markers that detect variation among individuals based on the polymorphism in their DNA they regained their status. Initial application of DNA marker technology began with the use of RFLP markers for the creation of the human genome's first molecular map.
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