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Revista de bioprocesamiento y biotecnologías

Volumen 2, Asunto 2 (2012)

Artículo de investigación

Use of Pectin Rich Fruit Wastes for Polygalacturonase Production by Aspergillus awamori MTCC 9166 in Solid State Fermentation

P.Naga Padma, K.Anuradha, B. Nagaraju, V.Selva Kumar and Gopal Reddy

Polygalacturonase enzyme has industrial application in extraction and clarification of fruit juices. Production of polygalacturonase (PGU) by Aspergillus awamori MTCC 9166 was studied in solid state fermentation using different pectin-rich fruit wastes like apple peel, banana peel, citrus (orange) peel, jackfruit rind, mango peel, and pine apple peel. Sugar free fruit peels were prepared by water treatment and dried materials were used as substrates for PGU production. Highest enzyme production was with jack fruit rind and mango peel at 65% moisture content, 28ºC, pH 5.2, 106 spores/gm inoculum size for jack fruit rind and 108 spores/gm for mango peel and 96 h incubation period. These studies indicate that locally available waste raw materials, jack fruit rind and mango peel, have good potential as substrates for PGU production. Use of such waste raw material is not only cost effective but also caters to the cause of disposing of waste at no cost, which is important for developing Indian economy. This is the first report on use of fruit wastes as substrates for production of polygalacturonases by Aspergillus awamori MTCC 9166 in solid state fermentation. The enzyme production by this strain is more than the reported strains. 
Artículo de revisión

(Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-Based) Protein Chips and Biosensors for Biopharmaceutical Process Analytics

Günter Müller

 Prior to the introduction of regulated process validation activities it was generally assumed that the production process for protein drugs per se is under control and appropriate for their generation, if the final product fulfils the criteria raised for the bioanalytical quality end control for therapeuticals. However nowadays, the production process is being considered in a much deeper and considerably more differentiated fashion. The use of in-process and on-/at-line controls and supervisions on a regular basis encompassing all critical parameters about the individual sub-processes and the emerging intermediary and side products is generally thought to significantly contribute to the demonstration that the production process is under control at the time point of the measurements and with high probability also thereafter. The deep understanding of the interrelationship between process and product can not completely eliminate but will considerably reduce the risk for the emergence of product variants, impurities and contaminants during critical sub-processes that may escape detection during final quality control for technical and/or economical reasons. The test systems required for elucidation of the multiple process-product interactions have to be chosen, validated and calibrated according to commonly accepted and approved criteria. In the near future novel platform technologies, such as protein chips and biosensors that are based on novel capturing/immobilising probes, e.g. glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins, and detection probes, e.g. nanoparticles, will greatly contribute to the rapid and reliable measurement of many samples for multiple parameters in cell-free and cell-based assay configurations in parallel rather than consecutive fashion.

 
Artículo de investigación

Cytotoxicity of Chitosan Oligomers Produced by Crude Enzyme Extract from the Fungus Metarhizium Anisopliae in Hepg2 and Hela Cells

Cristiane Fernandes de Assis, Raniere Fagundes Melo-Silveira, Ruth Medeiros de Oliveira, Leandro Silva Costa, Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira Rocha, Gorete Ribeiro de Macedo and Everaldo Silvino dos Santos

Chitooligosaccharides exhibit biological activities, including antitumor, antimicrobial and antioxidant. In this study we used a mixture of chitooligosaccharides produced by enzymatic hydrolysis in two tumor cell lines and assessed the cell proliferation and cytotoxicity of these compounds. The proliferation of HeLa cells was inhibited around by 60%. 

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