Revista de bioingeniería y ciencia biomédica

The Apoptotic Cell and its Body: Potentials for Disease Message and Therapeutic Target

Abstract

Fazhi Qi

Apoptosis is commonly referred to as programmed cell death that does not cause inflammation. Numerous studies have focused on the intricate nature of apoptosis, accumulating a wealth of information that has led to effective disease treatments as well as a deeper comprehension of the fundamental process. The traditional apoptosis regulatory factors and intrinsic and extrinsic signaling pathways have been clearly defined. Since ancient times, apoptosis-based drugs and treatments have been used to treat disease. In clinical settings, small-molecule apoptosis inducers have been used to treat diseases like cancer by killing off abnormal cells. Recombinant proteins and antibodies, which have improved apoptotic efficacy and selectivity, are the subject of extensive research and the FDA has granted approval to some of them. Apoptotic bodies (ApoBDs) are membrane-bound vesicles that are derived from the disassembly of apoptotic cells. Prior to being discovered to be capable of delivering useful materials to healthy recipient cells (such as autoantigens), these tiny sealed sacs containing information and substances from dying cells were regarded as garbage bags. With a focus on apoptosis-related therapeutic applications and ApoBDs, this review summarizes and discusses current knowledge of apoptosis.