Ciencia y tecnología veterinaria

Retrospective Study of PPR Disease Occurrence in South West Ethiopia Regional State from 2018 to 2022

Abstract

Dawit Dejene*

Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is a notifiable viral transboundary disease, highly contagious in domestic and wild small ruminants. In Ethiopia, PPR was clinically suspected to be present in 1977 and was confirmed late in 1991. A retrospective study design was conducted for describing PPR disease outbreak, associated risk factors, and for assessment of PPR vaccination conducted in sheep and goats from January 2018 to December 2022 in South West Ethiopia People Regional State. Monthly Disease Outbreak and Vaccination activity Report data from all districts of the region were obtained from Mizan Regional Veterinary Laboratory center. Relevant data entered into Microsoft Excel 19 spread sheet that has been organized with a pivot table. The spatial distribution of PPR outbreak occurrence site in the region was displayed by map using arc GIS 10.2. The present study found that ten (22.72%) districts in the region reported twelve PPR outbreaks with a total of 528 cases and 212 deaths. The findings indicated except at Konta zone, PPR is widely distributed and outbreaks had occurred in at least one district of all zones of the region. The morbidity, mortality and case fatality rate of PPR outbreak varied from one district to the other, and it ranges 0.07% to 4.29%, 0 to 1.43%, and 0 to 75% respectively. High number of PPR outbreak (n=6, 50%) were recorded in the early rainy season (March to May) than other season of the year. 883,772 doses of PPR vaccination (551,800 dose as prophylaxis and 331,972 doses for controlling) was conducted in different districts of the region. In conclusion, Occurrence PPR outbreak increased in recent year in the region. Therefore, Commencement of mass vaccination in endemic area during the dry season and risk-based vaccination supported by epidemiological data in high-risk areas should be conducted.