Medicina pulmonar y respiratoria

Resistance of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis to First and Second Line Anti Tuberculosis Drugs in South West, Nigeria

Abstract

Eltayeb Osman, Olusoji Daniel, Samuel Ogiri, Ayodele Awe, Olusegun Obasanya, Emmanuel Adebiyi, Olusoji Ige, Olanrewaju Oladimeji, Olapade Gbolahan Dairo, Etienne Declercq, Mourad Gumusoboga, Gabriel Akang and Rasheed Ajani Bakare

Setting: Tuberculosis treatment centers in Oyo and Osun States, Nigeria

Objective: This study was aimed to determine the proportion and resistance pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates among category 2 failures in Nigeria.

Design: This is a retrospective study of TB Category 2 failures from Oyo and Osun states (Nigeria), from July 2007 to December 2010. Sputum and culture growth of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) patients were tested for Drug Susceptibility Testing (DST) to first and second line anti-TB drugs in the supra national laboratory at Antwerp, Belgium.

Results: Of the 82 patients, acquired resistance to all first line drugs (RHE and S), were 31(37.8%), while MDR was observed in 46 (56.1%) of the patients under the study.

Conclusion: MDR TB was high (56.1%) among patients previously treated with anti-TB drugs, however XDR TB was not observed in the study population. DST services should be made available and accessible to all MDR-TB suspects in the country.