Enfermedades cardiovasculares y diagnóstico

Massive Pericardial Effusion-Rare and Only Presentation of Hypothyrodism- Myxedematous Heart

Abstract

Sachin Sondhi, Rajeev Bhardwaj, Arvind Kandoria, Neeraj Ganju, Kunal Mahajan, Munish Dev

Cardiovascular symptoms are often predominant features in patients with hyperthyroidism. But cardiovascular findings in hypothyroidism are more subtle. Hypothyroidism mainly presents as lethargy, cold intolerance, constipation, proximal muscle weakness, weight gain, decreased appetite, coarse dry skin, hair loss and nonpitting edema. Cardiovascular findings in hypothyroidism are mild degree of bradycardia, diastolic hypertension and narrow pulse pressure. Mild degree of pericardial effusion is seen in up to 30% of overtly hypothyroid patients. There are several case reports on myxedema ascites, but only few case reports of hypothyroidism presenting as massive pericardial effusion. We report a case of 54-year-old female presenting with breathlessness and found to have massive pericardial effusion without tamponade. After extensive workup, she was found to have primary hypothyroidism. In contrast, she had no other symptoms and clinical signs suggestive of hypothyroidism. She was improved after treatment with levothyroxine.