Toxicología ambiental y analítica

Evaluation of Iron Supplementation Effects on Various Haematological Parameters in Pregnant Anemic Patients of Sargodha Region in Pakistan

Abstract

Dogar MZ, Latif I, Saba A, Kanwal S, Khan AH, Khan ZI and Ahmad K

This study shows the beneficial role of iron to enhance various haematological parameters. Forty pregnant anemic women were selected at random from Sargodha region from the anti-natal outdoor patient department of DHQ Teaching Hospital Sargodha, Depending upon age they were subdivided into 02 Groups (Group-1<30 years & Group-2 ≥ 30 years age). They were given iron supplementation for a period of 3 months duration (1st June to 31st August 2012) in their 2nd trimester period. They were asked to take oral iron supplementation (150 mg per day equivalent to 56 mg of elemental iron) in the form of available branded medicine. Blood samples were collected before and after the treatment. The evaluation of haematological parameters showed that iron supplementation has positive effects on all haematological parameters. As Haemoglobin (Hb) iron level raised from 8.2 g/dl to 10 g/dl in Group-1 and from 8.8 g/dl to 9.7 g/dl in Group-2. The Haemotoric (Hct) was increased from 32% to 37% in Group-1 and 33% to 36% in Group-2 while the RBCs counts were increased from 3.8×1012 /L to 4.5×1012 /L in Group-1 and from 3.9×1012 /L to 4.4×1012 /L in Group-2. The Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) was increased from 78.38 fl to 81.17 fl in Group-1 and from 79.46 fl to 81.49 fl in Group-2. The Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH) was raised from 23.13 pg to 25.76 pg in Group-1 and 25.00 pg -26.13 pg in Group-2 with the Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) was increased from 30.17 % to 32.58 % in Group-1 and 31.64% to 33.50% in Group-2. The P value showed that the rise in all the above values was statistically significant (P<0.05).

The Platelets and TLCs counts remained unchanged after iron therapy as their p value was greater than 0.05. To find out any change in body defensive system, the Total Lenclcocyto Count (TLC) and differential leucocytes count (DLCs) were also calculated. This shows that the TLCs were 8.91×109/L and 9.82×109/L in Group 1 and 8.98×109/L and 9.31×109/L in Group 2 before and after iron supplementation. However the p value (>0.05) showed that the changes were no significant. This also showed that the neutrophils, eosinophils and monocytes remained unaffected after supplementations as the variation in these values were insignificant (P>0.05) while the lymphocytes were increased from 26.50% to 29.50% in Group-1 and 26.50% to 28.78% in Group-2 and the change was statistically significant (p=0.00). This shows the significance of iron to raise the lymphocytes count in blood, in spite of the fact, the previous literature coat that the values usually decrease but not increase during pregnancy.